National Health Care Spending Paper

Sloan Miller [email  protected] com Home 614-377-0096 Objective Seek to work in an environment that will challenge me further; while allowing me to contribute to the continued growth and success of the organization. Obtain a position that will provide me the ability to apply my work experience to a growing industry. Look forward to working with a company that promotes quality products and services; and provides me with the opportunity to meet and exceed assigned daily goals. First Choice Security April 2010 to presentDuties: As a security guard where my position require me to be alert, quick responding and fasting thinking on duty. I was responsible of guarding, patrolling and monitoring premises to avoid theft, violence and the infraction of rules. And to safe guard the assets and people within the premises of a company. Teach and Learn: May 2012 to July 2012 Duties: to provide care, education and nurturing for children of a variety of ages. As a daycare provider I provided genuin e passion for caring for children and the ability to relate to a diverse group of kids.My communication skills and the ability to positively interact with children, parents and other daycare staff members is something that I performed on a daily basis. Wackenhut Security: Duties: To provide security for different types of organizations which my company had taken on the responsibility to prevent violence and negligence from occurring at the different locations I had to safe guard. Education: South High School 1998 to 2001 Job Corp: Business clerical trade 2004

How to Make College More Affordable Essay

Many of the protesters occupying Wall Street and other places say they are upset about the rising price of going to college. There is little dispute today that the number of students who have debt has increased, and that the amount of money they have borrowed has gone up (Billitteri). Many students incur large amounts of debt that will never pay dividends in higher wages or greater job satisfaction, and they graduate into a world with weak employment prospects. It’s a betrayal of the American social contract that says if you work hard and invest in yourself through education, you’ll be able to build a better life. The current system is badly in need of an overhaul, and this paper will present several ways to bring about this needed change. The seriousness of the current situation has worsened during the last few decades. Since 1982, the average cost of college tuition and fees has increased by 439 percent, while the typical family’s income has increased by a mere 147 percent (_Measuring_, 8). After adjustment for inflation, students are borrowing twice what they did a decade ago, and total higher-education debt has surpassed credit-card debt for the first time, rising to $1 trillion at the end of 2011 and continuing to climb (Cauchon). And it’s no wonder students are feeling the pinch, when one understands the diminishing role federal grants have in providing education dollars for today’s students. â€Å"Today a federal Pell Grant covers only about one-third of what it costs for a public four-year college in-state,† says Lauren Asher, president of The Institute for College Access and Success in California. â€Å"In the 1980s it covered about half; in the 1970s it covered more than 70 percent.† (Abramson). The reality is that for young people today, it is harder to educate one’s way into the middle class, and college costs are leaving many in this generation without the credentials they need to thrive in the 21st century economy. One  radical solution that recently has been proposed is that the federal government should completely cancel student loan debt to stimulate the economy (Caffentzis, 31). However, history has shown that in the case of tax rebate checks, people tend to spend any rebates to pay off other existing debt, or they simply save them. This does little to stimulate the economy, and one suspects that the same would happen with across-the-board loan forgiveness (_Harris_). However, there are several measures that can be taken to make college more affordable. Let’s start with the student loan and grant system. The government should increase the number of need-based Pell Grants awarded to students, but there should also be more grant money given to the students willing to chose a cheaper public college or start their academic career by attending community college. Most colleges would consequently want to keep their tuition costs low to remain attractive to prospective students. This goes hand in hand with the fact that administration costs at colleges could be cut. One reason tuition never seems to drop is that universities are not getting more efficient the way other industries are. Today, administrators and staffers safely outnumber full-time faculty members on campus. College administrations frequently tout the fiscal advantages of using part-time, â€Å"adjunct† faculty to teach courses. They fail, however, to apply the same logic to their own ranks. Unlike businesses, which cut losing operations, colleges simply hike their tuitions (Ginsberg). In addition, private student loans could require school certification, be abolished outright, or private loans could be required to offer the same interest rates and repayment options as federal student loans. There should also be an increase in the income limits for student loan deductibility, and changes in the repayment rules. Second, we could move the country’s tax rates back to 1950s levels. This would increase the tax burden on the wealthy, which would help to fund student grants. According to the Tax Policy Center (a joint venture of the Urban Institute and Brookings Institution), from 1950 to 1963 individuals paid 91% or 92% of their income above $200,000 to the federal government. The current rate is around 35%, where it has been for the last decade.  (â€Å"_Historical_†). Our current American business model is based upon short-term gains by building capital, and industry has successfully lobbied Washington for lower tax rates for years. However, this is arguably not sustainable in the long term because technology-based business ventures will be forced to shift back to more industrial ones if they don’t have a readily available educated workforce. Corporations that do not pay their share of taxes will eventually suffer the consequences as their ability to hire a tech-savvy, educated workforce diminishes. Third, we currently have a bankruptcy system that does not allow student loans to be discharged, and there is no statute of limitations on collections of student debt. The government can legally garnish money from a low-income student borrower’s Social Security benefits and Earned Income Tax Credit. Garnishing money from low-income students contradicts the stated U.S. policy goal of reducing poverty, and is therefore hypocritical. Most other kinds of debts can be discharged, but not student loans. Since the beginning of the federal student loan program in 1965, the freedom to change lenders in order to find better interest terms for a loan has also been denied (Caffentzis, 35). To single out education loans as the one type of debt that our system specifically prohibits from standard bankruptcy is wrong. Unless education debt can be forgiven through bankruptcy proceedings, as most other debt can, the system will never be fair to student borrowers. There’s no reason to treat student loan debt differently from other types of debt, other than as a gift to the banks. After all, how many other loans carry a guarantee from the federal government for payment and restrict the borrowers’ options in the way student loans do? Lastly, colleges need to use their resources more efficiently. This includes outsourcing resources such as food operations, IT services, building maintenance, student bookstores, and recreation centers. Collaborative purchasing could be used as well. Private companies like Wal-Mart already use their enormous purchasing power to negotiate low prices from suppliers. Colleges that band together to buy goods and services can often obtain lower prices on goods and services used, than if they buy separately. On the teaching front, more classes could be taught online. Not all instruction can  be offered effectively on-line, but large numbers of students can benefit from the savings by reduced commuting and room-and-board costs. In addition, libraries could be encouraged to digitize their holdings, and professors could be required to select textbooks that are also available in e-book format and are usually cheaper (â€Å"_25_†). We need to re-evaluate our country’s spending priorities, and recognize that global competiveness will be increasingly based around our ability as a nation to compete in a technologically advancing world. The current cost of higher education puts our future prosperity as a nation at risk. If our populace is not educated, we will not remain competitive in an increasingly global marketplace. Many other countries already provide free or heavily subsidized inexpensive university education. In order to be competitive in a global economy, the US must do the same. Works Cited Abramson, Larry. â€Å"Why Is College So Expensive?† _NPR.org_. National Public Radio, 25 Nov. 2011. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. Billitteri, Thomas. â€Å"Student Debt,† _CQ Researcher_ 21 Oct. 2011: 877-900. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. Caffentzis, George. â€Å"The Student Loan Debt Abolition Movement in the United States.† _Reclamations Journal_ Aug/Sept. 2011: 31-41. Web 27 Nov. 2011. Cauchon, Dennis. â€Å"Student Loans Outstanding Will Exceed $1 Trillion This Year.† _USA Today_ 25 Oct. 2011: B1. Web. 26 Nov. 2011. Ginsberg, Benjamin. â€Å"Administrators Ate My Tuition.† _Washington Monthly_ Sept/Oct. 2011. Web. 25 Nov. 2011. _The Harris Poll ®_ September 10, 2008, â€Å"Rebate Checks: No Economic Stimulus† Web. 2 Dec. 2011. _Historical Top Tax Rate_. Chart. Tax Policy Center. 31 Jan. 2011. Web. 25 Nov. 2011. _Measuring Up 2008_. The National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education_._ Web. 26 Nov. 2011. _25 Ways to Reduce the Cost of College_. The Center for College Affordability and Productivity. Web. 1 Dec. 2011.

Future Plans Essay

Audra Metzler Future Plans After graduating from high school, I plan to attend a four year university followed by a four year graduate school and major in Adolescent Psychology. With this major I hope to eventually obtain a p. h. D. in the field. I intend on opening my own psychological practice after all of my schooling is completed. My secondary career choice is a registered dietician in which I would major in dietetics. I want to be an Adolescent Psychologist for several reasons. I love helping people and trying to find solutions for problems. I’m also intrigued in how people think and why the brain works the way it does. By becoming a psychologist I feel it will be fulfilling to know I am changing people’s lives for the better. I have taken multiple reading and writing classes in my past curriculum and am signed up to take both psychology and sociology next year. However, if that plan doesn’t fall into place my backup career will be a registered dietician. I will major in either dietetics or nutrition. By becoming a dietician, I would help people overcome health issues as well as institute proper nutrition that they can carry with them for the rest of their lives. I am interested in how foods can affect the human body, and I have taken several science courses throughout high school. If I happen to encounter difficulties along my career path, I will not give up. Challenges along the way are expected, and looked at as a way to only grow stronger. For example, if money problems arise I will take out a loan that I can later pay back. I also have family and friends that support my decisions and would be there for me if I ever needed assistance. I feel that I am well equipped to achieve my dreams because of my positive attitude, determination, and will-power. By following through with these plans I will have a successful, enjoyable life that will be rewarding in the long run.

Plata o Plomo (Javdani) Response Paper Analysis Essay

In her essay, â€Å"Plato o Plomo,† Marie Javdani compares & contrasts the stories of two boys, whom live separately in two countries, to signify their indirect relation. The phrase â€Å"Plato o Plomo† translates to â€Å"silver or lead†, meaning that peasants of South America can either accept a bribe & live (silver) or take a bullet & die (lead). Eric, an American boy, & Miguel, a Colombian, are both out on the road on a Friday night, but their intentions are entirely different. After scoring drugs, Eric whistles while walking down his street to meet up with his friends for â€Å"a bit of fun.† Miguel creeps down the road in his village, praying for the last time in his life; he to be murdered by the guerillas who have been threatening him & his father. The two stories of both Eric & Miguel begin to unite as Javdani narrates the cause & effect of America & Colombia, showing how choices made in the U.S. can affect the harsh realities of Colombia’s drug cartel. By using parallelism in the stories of Eric & Miguel, Javdani identifies the factors contributing to high drug activity. â€Å"Eric & Miguel represent opposite poles in what the United States government refers to as the ‘war on drugs.’† Eric’s drug use symbolizes the demand of production in Colombia, where Miguel’s village is terrorized by the ruling drug lords & paramilitaries. The strategy that the writer uses to represent both Eric & Miguel is cause & effect. This use of parallelism combined with cause & effect is meant to emphasize two sides to the political turmoil of drug violence in Colombia. Javdani mentions that U.S. money being sent to Colombia is ineffective in its purpose, which is to enforce order over the high drug activity that rules Colombia. Because Colombia produces a majority of the world’s cocaine & heroine, the U.S believes that putting an end to the growth of the coca, a plant used for making cocaine & heroine, can stop the use of drugs in the states. But the billions of aid dollars sent to fund, supply, and train Colombian military units have only escalated the violent paramilitaries that support drug cartels. As a result of rebel drug lords having control, Colombians have no choice but to cooperate with the production of coca on their land. This approach to eliminating drug activity was obviously not successful, it is becoming easier to see that drug trafficking is market-driven; the end to the demand.

Short answer questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Short answer questions - Essay Example Every day the public is exposed to hours of reports on human suffering in its various forms, both through news/discussion, and in the themes of regular programming. This skewed view of reality presents a major barrier to pro-social changes. Significant improvements in this area can only be brought by system-wide alterations that are supported by a common understanding of the issue. The FCC tends to focus on nudity, coarse language, and violence, as elements they want to protect the public from. But evidence about these factors and if they have a significant negative influence on social behaviors is conflicting. It is possible that the opposite is happening; violence in the media may allow people the opportunity to express their more aggressive tendencies . This situation would agree with reports that aggression is higher in children after they play violent games (Anderson & Carnagey, 2009). The fear of desensitization to violence is another potential influence of media that is poorly understood. Those against such programming would argue that lessened responses to violence means less empathy, while supporters would point out that desensitization is a completely normal response throughout most areas of

Synopsis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Synopsis - Assignment Example foreign policy after the events of 1848, was just a continuation of â€Å"Metternichian† tradition of working for peace, balance of power within Europe and for the greater interests of the continent. His assertion is that it was not Prussia, but Austria that was endangering European security overall; one more proof he offers to his claim of influence the Habsburgs had. As a result of that, he sees the last Emperor, Franz Joseph as a tough ruler, one that always believed that the honor of his dynasty must be implemented by force only. Franz Joseph showed his willingness to do so in the conflict with Italy when he was a young ruler, as well as in the case of Serbia in 1914. The case of Serbia and the assassination of Archduke and heir apparent Franz Ferdinand, in reality triggered the events that started the World War I, one in which Habsburg Empire dissolved and disappeared giving room to new countries of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Austria and Yugoslavia. The second major issue Sked deals with in his book, is the issue of nationalism within the borders of the Empire. Habsburg monarchy incorporated numerous ethnic groups, each of which felt burdened by the rule from Vienna and wanted to achieve some sort of independence. Sked claims that those separatist movements were essentially weak while forgetting that regimes not based on popular satisfaction and feeling, eventually disappear. Sked saw separatist movements as a collective phenomenon, however failing to look on it from different viewpoints. Most noticeably, he fails to look more critically upon nationalism in the Habsburg Empire from psycho-sociological and economic aspects. Sked also, discusses the Compromise of 1867, in which the monarchy was, de facto, divided into two parts, Austria and Hungary, with separate parliaments and prime ministers, but with, de iure, one central ruler. Sked contends that the Compromise was made after the rising nationalism in the Empire threatened its future. The Compromise

Difference between Gantt Chart and Network Diagram Assignment

Difference between Gantt Chart and Network Diagram - Assignment Example The planning (2.0) phase is where a project management plan is prepared. This plan helps the project manager to control the project in order to ensure that all budget over-runs are identified early. In this phase, a scope statement (2.1), a work breakdown structure (2.2), and a schedule of time and cost information are prepared. The execution (3.0) phase is where the actual project work starts. A survey (3.1) is done and user information is recorded (3.2 User Input). The survey information relates to the four projects combined. The information from the survey is then used to determine the contents of each sub-project (3.3 and 3.4) as shown in Figure 1.1. Details of the activities of other sub-projects (part of 3.4 and 3.5 and 3.6) are shown in Figure 1.2. Figure 1.2 shows part of the execution phase planning, the controlling (4.0) phase, and part of the closing (5.0) phase. An outline of a portion of the tasks to be completed in sub-projects 2 (3.4.3 and 3.4.4), the tasks for sub-projects 3 (3.5) and 4 (3.6) are provided. It shows parts of section 3.4 and sections 3.5 and 3.6. The screenshot shows that the contents have to be determined (3.5.1 and 3.5.2), items have to be procured (3.5.2 and 3.6.3) before or after the system is designed (3.5.3 and 3.6.2) before the application is developed. After the system is developed it has to be tested and debugged. Figure 1.2 also shows the controlling (4.0) phase where the work is monitored in order to control quality and cost and time over-run. In controlling the work adequate monitoring has to be done. Each of the sub-projects is reviewed (4.1.1) and feedback is provided (4.1.2). The technical personnel is then required to make changes (4.1.3). After the changes are made a status report is prepared. When all matters are addressed and the project is accepted, the final phase – closing (5.0) is attained.  Ã‚  

The Importance of Human Resource Management in the Management Dissertation

The Importance of Human Resource Management in the Management Strategic - Dissertation Example This essay stresses that HRM role is the provision of assistance in HRM issues to line employees, or those directly involved in producing the organization’s goods and services.† In order to achieve the goals of an organization the services of human resources should be acquired and their skills have to be developed by motivating them to achieve higher levels in their performance and assure their continuous services along with commitment to their jobs. This paper declares that HRM is â€Å"the strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasizes that leveraging people’s capabilities is critical to achieving sustainable competitive advantage. This is achieved through a distinctive set of integrated employment policies, programs and practices.† HRM is the basic function of all management actions and it has developed from different chains of ideas. Thus HRM function can be divided into; body of management functions and approaches adopted in order to execute the different management activities. When the employees of an organization are used effectively the company stands to gain in meeting its objectives advantageously. Every employee has to be motivated and encouraged in order to get the best out of him/her. Training imparted by the organization to its skilled personnel or unskilled workers should be of high standards, so that management can get the best from each employee.

Life review paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Life review paper - Essay Example This made him be highly esteemed by the public and his relations due to his advanced age. He is loved by the members of his family and receives plenty of attention from them. During his childhood, he gained the first experience of death; his father passed on when he was still young. This resulted in his mother being the lone breadwinner, who struggled to fend for him along with his kin. Despite this, he still regards his childhood as a happy one. The interviewee was in a lasting marriage of 56 years and has been living as a widower, since his wife’s demise 17 years ago. Then interviewee owned a farm and cultivated corn. This became his sole career throughout his life. He, however, is not conversant with what hobby he participates in, but is an avid saver and always comes up with methods of saving cash. He practices the catholic religion and is a believer of the Christian doctrines, he accepts as true that God and heaven exist. This is palpable in the actuality that he has faith that he will join up with his spouse in heaven (Birkeland et al. 2009). As the article highlights, the elderly people are faced with several constraints, mostly physical, as they find themselves unable to cope with other activities. However, although such physical constraints put limits on the elderly level of activity, it highlights that they managed to perform other activities, which were not physically demanding for their strength. It shows from the study conducted that the elderly people who suffered from chronic diseases and injuries managed to adapt to the situation by accepting their status and conditions. In the conversation with the researcher, the interviewee also admitted having accepted his situation as an elderly and further ascertained of his illness. He believes that aging is part of being human and explains that, although it is sad to be incapacitated, to do things that one loved doing, and depend on others to do them, it is part of life  and his destiny

Principles of Risk Management and Insurance Essay

Principles of Risk Management and Insurance - Essay Example For the shed in the backyard, it is covered up to $15,000 (10% of Coverage A which is $150,000). Personal property can only be covered up to $75,000(50% of Coverage A which is $150,000). Additional living expense for living in a rented apartment until their home is rebuilt is covered up to $45,000 which is 30% of coverage A. The home office computer can only be covered up to $1,500 which is stated in the special limits of liability clause. Should the Grangers will lose the case against their neighbors (being sued for not controlling their son), their personal liability coverage is only up to $100,000. Before coverage, the Grangers are also required to pay for the deductible of $250 as stated in their policy. 2. Why is it important for an insurer to consider each factor? a) The credit score or credit worthiness of the insured is important for an insurer or underwriter in considering the homeowner’s premium for insurance companies Approximates the probability of an insurer makin g its claim against their possibility based on their credit score or history of borrowing and repayment. Credit score also is a good determinant for insurance companies to determine the individual’s capacity to pay their insurance premiums.

Anotated bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Anotated bibliography - Essay Example stions and how does someone or something get this popular and how does it disseminate globally and what about underdeveloped cultures and I want to look at how popular culture spreads and find a definition The article by author discusses how pop culture is spread in society through college classes used in curriculum primarily in the departments of social science course and humanities in the 1950s. Pop culture classes offered now and later, pop culture not only used of theorists but also became a part of English in mode of pop literature where certain types of popular books were being read by students and . students enjoyed this type of literature and it appealed to instructors because of it was liked that the literature at this level was â€Å"less rigorous† and more interesting to them students in classes. Pop is customarily used in the classroom as part of culture studies and how it is spread because many citizens even use pop culture for methods of creation criticisms. Some of the topics or themes including people, places or things that exist in pop culture are topics that are commonly heard of and then the students in classes c relate better to them and think about the topics that they exposed to in order to rip it apart about it. This then allows students a basis for which to compare thoughts about it. The author attempts to discuss the origin of popular culture and how it crawls across a certain area. His explanation somewhat follows the guide lines that which while some areas were becoming more populated, it was easier for information to spread and therefore, if one person started reading a book, then they could easily pass it on to their buddy friend and share it. Some of the earliest points of the intro of pop culture can be in found when Shakesphere literature started to become popular among different societies and society groups of smaller sizes. Author also discusses who folk culture survived, being passed down through

Target Market and Competitive Analysis Research Paper

Target Market and Competitive Analysis - Research Paper Example The majority of clients, approximately 60 percent, will consist of those with strong family values, with respect for traditionalism in politics and socialization, with a recognized propensity for brand loyalty. Under the VALS 2 psychographic model, the largest target market will be the Believers, those who are conservative and conventional individuals valuing predictable and trusted brands (Boone and Kurtz 217). The secondary target market will be characterized with each expansion opportunity by age demographics, population density in certain urban versus rural regions, and income demographics. In some key regions that have the most profitability opportunities, preliminary qualitative market research to identify key characteristics and market needs will be conducted. potential of higher resource buyers (e.g. the Believer markets). Behavioral characteristics for these markets will be considerably important for the creation of promotional materials to have impact on attitude and brand personality. The high volume of stresses and anxiety for the children of older adults can bring much more visibility to the business if these relationship development opportunities are included in targeted advertising. Because the goal of Off 2 Gran Grans is to establish a brand with dedication, credibility, trust and consistency, the reliability and conventionalism of the business can create emotional, social and psychological connections with the most opportunistic markets. There are very low franchising requirements associated with this type of business model, with initial investments between only $58,000 and $95,000 and liquid investor assets of only $39,000 (Entrepreneur.com 1). The expansion opportunities for Off 2 Gran Grans will provide additional support for achieving more market presence and producing consistent, streamlined promotional materials in widely-dispersed markets across the

Combahee river corporative Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Combahee river corporative - Essay Example Black women have made massive economic progress in the past four decades. Black women occupied the base step of the economic ladder of America They were involved in labor force and earned much lesser than any other nation. Richard Nixon was hostile towards black in helping them catch up with whites in any run of life. In 1970, State of the Union address, he said about blacks, "for those who make massive demands on society to make some minimal demands on themselves." The socio-economic systems along with the political system demanded the struggle against oppression. The function of education, work experience, welfare reforms and the enforcement of equal opportunity laws played a crucial role in reshaping the feminist discourse in the USA.Black women's dissatisfaction, in both women's liberation groups and civil rights, resulted in National Black Feminist Organization (NBFO) in 1973, of New York, felt the urge to form it. Disillusionment within this movement resulted in few Black Femin ist organizations; one of the most prominent of these groups was Combahee River Collective Statement. They began meetings in 1974 in Boston. The name is the conceptualization from the guerrilla action which was led by Herriet Tubman on June 2, 1863, in the Port Royal region of south California. It freed almost 750 slaves and was the only military campaign in America led by a woman. Since then, in association with other progressive organizations and movements, Combahee River Collective Statement has been in process to define and clarify the politics of power and system. It is a collective of Black feminists, who are out there to define, clarify and identify the combined racial, social and political struggle. The women of African descent, who happen to be black, were faced by the constant life-and death struggle for survival and liberation. A black feminism or womanism organization was the product of oppressed racial and sexual castes dominated by extremely negative relationship between the American political system (a system of white male rule) and them. The distribution of Material resources was unfair to those who created resources. The further division of resources, between the men and women of black inhabitants, was complicating the situation in a worse manner because they were already limited to very few educational and employment options. The deprived people were baffled by the gender differences because Black women's intellectual interests had been attacked by their peers, mainly Black males. Initially, the politics of class and race brought these black feminists together. CRC also considered "capitalism" as the main reason for Black women's oppression. In a society, one faces different problem which are inter-connected for example it is hard to detach race from class and sex oppression because they are most often experienced simultaneously. They were racially and sexually oppressed and these two features were considerable determinants in their working/ economic lives. Neither had they had the access to resources nor any form of the power. These combinations of the oppressions had formed different condition in their lives which resulted in Combahee River Collective Statement. Absolute equality and freedom are ideas of an abstract world but they are the simple solutions. They would demand the destruction of the structure of oppression. These females not only do political work as a group, but continued their individual involvement in Lesbian politics, sterilization abuse and abortion rights work. They initiated functioning as a study group and also began conversing about the possibility of starting a Black feminist publication to distribute their work. They setup a rape crisis center in Black vicinities. Organizing welfare, health care and daycare are the main concerns. They also conduct many educational workshops. They all are working for a

Esaay 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Esaay 1 - Essay Example Intelligence and Analysis are, thus, horses of different colors that serve in a symbiotic relationship to broaden the meaning and functionality of ideas that so important to every nation the world over. This paper endeavors to dig deep into this very important relationship, explaining the dynamics involved in creating suitable solutions adopted in policy making, how analysis infiltrates intelligence reports as a corrective agent, the effect of analysis in driving home accuracy levels in intelligence reports, and the very impact of intelligent analysis in policy legislation successes and/or failure. In their piece titled â€Å"Intelligence: The Secret World of Spies: An Anthology,† Johnson and Wirtz defines Intelligence Cycle as â€Å"the process by which information is gathered, analyzed, and converted into usable intelligence data to affect policy changes† (5). Intelligence Cycle, therefore, runs through several processing processes that incorporate planning, data collection, analysis and subsequent breakdown, and lastly, the production and dissemination of information into usable forms or rather to be acted upon. Noteworthy, Intelligence Cycles, as the two scholars argues, is fitted with analytical mechanics right from the initiation processes of pooling/assemblage of information to the presentation of final reports for policymaking; a clear indication of the complementarity functioning of Intelligence cycle and the analysis cycle tasks. The accuracy of intelligence reports always serves as a critical element to inform whether such should be acted upon or not right from the beginning. Accordingly, it takes critical analysis to collect data, visual or otherwise, by intelligence officers, translate those that so requires, in order to tighten any loose ends and/or provide accurate report/description of a case under investigation. In

Land law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Land law - Essay Example To start with, the Limitation Act 1980 makes provision for a claim for recovery of land only in circumstances where a squatter is in adverse possession, and the action will be statute-barred if it is not commenced within 12 years from the date of the dispossession.2 Schedule 1, Paragraph 8(1) provides as follows:- ‘No right of action to recover land shall be treated as accruing unless the land is in the possession of some person in whose favour the period of limitation can run (referred to below in this paragraph as adverse possession); and where under the preceding provisions of this Schedule any such right of action is treated as accruing on a certain date and no person is in adverse possession on that date, the right of action shall not be treated as accruing unless and until adverse possession is taken of the land.’3 Whether or not Mia has been in actual possession of the property for the requisite statutory term of 12 years can only be determined by reference to the relevant case law. Possession for the purposes of the Section 15 of the Limitation Act 1980 has been restated by the House of Lords in J.A. Pye (Oxford) Ltd. and Others v Graham and Another [2002]. In this case Lord Browne-Wilkinson remarked that the ‘only question was whether the squatter had been in possession in the ordinary sense of the word†¦ The question is simply whether the defendant squatter has dispossessed the paper owner by going into ordinary possession of the land for the requisite period without the consent of the owner’.4 In the ordinary sense of the word, possession must contain two essential elements, factual possession as well as an intention to possess. Factual possession was defined by Slade J in Powell v McFarlane (1977) as an exclusive occupation of the land to the extent that a true owner is otherwise entitled to occupy it. ‘The question what acts constitute a sufficient degree of exclusive physical control must

The Role of Technology in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

The Role of Technology in Business - Essay Example Making information available online and reaching prospective consumers via Social Networking can increase the visibility of the products and their qualities. With the increasingly hectic lifestyles of young professionals; marketing online and allowing for sales via the internet makes purchasing convenient and easy, and thus leads to more sales. The consumer populations keep changing as the baton of purchasing power and desire are passed from generation to generation. It is necessary that the industry recognizes the changing needs of the new generation of consumers and make available products and services that compliment the needs of the consumers in such a manner that the products are most visible to the consumer in a positive manner. Knowledge about production and delivery is becoming increasingly common as the connections increase between different parts of the world. Consumers are becoming aware of products that are not local, and are making demands for them; which are quickly met be importing technology and skills. This increases the set of suppliers for any said product or service, increasing the competition for existing organizations. This competition has to be met head-on in order to survive. The busy consumer will prefer to give allegiance to the organization that makes the product and information about it available easily to the consumer. If a consumer is able to get the details s/he requires easily; they are more likely to buy the product. Needs change as the environment of the consumer changes. A product or service that sold well before may not be received well in new circumstances. It is important that the organization is tuned to the pulse of its market and modifies its product/service to suit the needs of its new consumers. Â  

Why Sortware As a Service Is Going to Dominate the Next Several Years Essay

Why Sortware As a Service Is Going to Dominate the Next Several Years - Essay Example This creates a process which is quick and efficient and allows for a two-way dissemination of information on a global basis. For businesses that have sales forces constantly updating contact information on their laptops, this is an essential point for the main office to know exactly at any given time, what the sale representatives are doing on a daily basis in regard to customers. Alternatively, a company can upload training videos and sales information to the representatives so they can stay updated with the latest outputs (Sensible Computer Help, 2008). The idea of sharing work began in the late 1990s when large businesses and corporations developed the idea of being able to communicate within a common net arrangement, allowing for documents to be accessed by those approved to open and change information within those documents. It also saved the company email system from being overloaded by employees emailing documents back and forth to different departments. Instead, documents cou ld be placed on the Intranet which was accessible only by onsite employees. Extended sales forces and contract labor had to dial in whenever updating or uploading information into the secure Intranet (Canlas & Gonzales, n.d.). This arrangement later developed into the Client Server Network, a far more efficient means of utilizing management principles within the workplace, such as allocating software programs and other functions to specific people. A diagram of one is shown below. Fig.1 (Sensible Computer Help, http://www.sensible-computer-help.com/computer-network.html) While the Client Server Network is an excellent solution for the workplace, such as being able to utilize a close-by printer, there are some problems with this arrangement. One, if someone turns off their computer, is when a shared file is no longer available to the other computers on that path. Additionally, there is an unreasonable lack of security for the network and the company’s data system (Sensible Com puter Help, 2008). In 2010, there began a new type of system which changed how business software was being used. Professor Clayton Christensen of Harvard Business School called it the â€Å"disruptive innovation.† The term refers to the advanced technology in delivery services of a product that, because of changes within technological access and subsequent pricing, alters the game face of how resources are used and the baseline revenue streams. Microsoft, Oracle and SAP were the first few major leaguers in this area and SAP is also the first company to offer services â€Å"in the cloud’ (Fornes, 2010). A diagram below shows the trend from initial small business usage, through redevelopment over time, to finally being able to target the enterprise solution requirements. Fig.2 (Fornes, 2010) As an example, Microsoft began offering Office 365 over a year ago and what the current subscription provides is the use of Microsoft cloud services with the option to also subscrib e and download Microsoft Office Professional or Standard software program to use so long as the cloud subscription is active. For a small business owner who does not have the financial resources to purchase full-blown software programs, this service is a great way to get the software at a very affordable price, plus utilize the cloud while working with clients through the cloud Lync system. This year, Microsoft celebrated its first year with the Office 365 service by providing a free edition of the 365 cloud service for educational purposes to all schools, colleges and universities (Nagel, 2012). Another company that has recently jumped onto the same bandwagon is Adobe, software provider of Photoshop, InDesign, Illustrator, Fireworks,

School Finance Lawsuit on Track to Trial Date Essay

School Finance Lawsuit on Track to Trial Date - Essay Example This publication is about the Fort Bend ISD representing 84 school districts that are suing the state and also seeking massive education reforms.From the publication, we learn that fort bend ISD is representing a group of 84 other schools in suing the state and seeking massive education reforms.They argue that the state is not giving the schools adequate resources to meet the rising standards of education. Fort Bend ISD attorney describes the situation as being given a mission and not being given the tools to accomplish this mission.This publication points out that the mission set by the state for schools to meet cannot be accomplished if adequate tools to accomplish this mission are not provided by the state. It is, therefore, suggested that for 70 percent of pupils to meet the standards substantial additional funding per kid should be implemented. School superintendents suggest at least a couple of thousands of bucks per kid. This is according to fort bend ISD attorney David Thomps on.Thompson is taking four depositions a day from superintendents and experts for a week before the trial date. His firm is coordinating with lawyers representing the other petitioners to resolve who will take the lead on professionals, who will bear witness to the crisis they see with school financing. This means that the state should put more resources at the disposal of schools for them to meet the objectives and missions that they demand from schools.The reader should implement this experience in real life situations. Once the reader sets a mission there should be adequate resources to enable the achievement of this mission. For better education to be achieved in public schools, additional funding is essential to achieve this.

Health Systems Administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Health Systems Administration - Essay Example To operate as a team in the management and direction of the hospital, the administrator, and associate administrator and chief of staff occupied the top level position of a Military hospital. For clinical services the physician chief of staff has line authority and for all administrative services, the associate administrator has line authority. They are also actively involved in the overall management of the hospital. 3. Public Relations: A health care delivery system maintains good relations with various organizations such as other hospitals, medical societies, medical schools and other colleges and universities, and public health officials and organizations The health system administrators have full responsibility for planning, directing, organizing, coordinating, and controlling overall administrative operations The Health System Administrator at this Level directs a full range of administrative services including fiscal, personnel, supply, engineering, medical records administration, and hospital housekeeping. The Health System Administrator at Level II works on a day-to-day basis with the health care delivery system's administrator and chief of staff. The health system administrator participates in top management discussions, decisions, and policymaking, and sharing accordingly in the responsibility for top management actions except those which require a strictly medical decision. The main functi The main functions include developing, and adjusting organizational structures and management systems for the administrative and allied health services

Classroom Management article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Classroom Management article - Essay Example The article posits that contrary to popular belief, effective teacher-student relationship has less to do with a teacher's personality and more to do with specific teacher behavior that includes dominance, cooperation and an awareness of high-need students. Appropriate Levels of Dominance. Dominance is not a negative characteristic, but implies a teacher's ability to, "provide clear purpose and strong guidance". In fact most students, when surveyed preferred such teachers over more permissive ones. Cooperation. Teachers and students need to work together as one team. Allowing students to set their own goals and asking for their suggestions creates a sense of involvement and sends the message that the teacher, "cares about and tries to accommodate students' interests". Although in a position of authority, the teacher must remain approachable to students both within and outside the classroom. Awareness of High-need Students. Studies have shown that as many as 12 to 22 percent of students suffer from some sort of mental or emotional strain. The average teacher is neither equipped nor trained to deal with such students, who can be a disruptive influence. An awareness of this fact, coupled with a few simple techniques can go a long way in maintaining effective classroom management. The paper identifies the various types of high needs students, their characteristics, and the strategies that c

Slide animation Essay Example for Free

Slide animation Essay Successful presenting entails focusing on important points, controlling the flow of information, and holding the audience’s interest in the presentation. We can include two types of animation — within a slide and from slide to slide. Animation on a slide, often called builds, determines how and when objects on the slide appear. Animation from slide to slide, called transitions, specifies how a new slide appears after the previous slide disappears. The last version of the PowerPoint includes powerful animation effects and features. Animation can certainly enliven a presentation, but too much animation will distract the audience from the main message. All professionals make the same point about animation — pick one or two effects and stick to them. This principle applies to both animation on a slide and transitions between slides. Animating objects has an additional purpose — to focus the audience’s attention on what one is saying. To animate a slide, one needs to know what he is going to say while that slide is displayed — and in what order. He then uses that order to determine the order in which the objects appear on the slide. Object animation is sometimes called a build because the objects build up on the screen, one after another. One can control the following aspects of the animation: †¢ How the object appears. †¢ In what grouping the object appears. For example, text most often appears paragraph by paragraph but can appear by the word or even by the letter. †¢ Whether the animation occurs when one clicks the mouse or automatically after a preset number of seconds. †¢ Whether a sound plays during the animation. †¢ What happens, if anything, after the animation. For example, one can change the color of a previously displayed object when the next object appears or hide it completely. For a quick solution, PowerPoint offers animation schemes — a complete group of settings that one can quickly assign to a slide or presentation. Animation schemes apply only to slide titles and text placeholders. To animate other objects the custom animation is used. Several animation schemes also include slide transitions. When one animates placeholder text, all the text in the placeholder is considered one object. However, it is automatically animated paragraph by paragraph — that is, bullet by bullet, which is usually what is wanted. To animate by word or even letter, the custom animation is used too. For more control over animation, than the animation schemes proposed one need to create own settings. New features of custom animation include attaching more than one animation type to an object, animating an object along a path, and animating an object when another object is clicked. The number of the animation options that are included is vast. One can also animate objects such as AutoShapes and text boxes. Because these objects often serve to draw attention anyway, adding animation to them only increases the effect. One can animate WordArt text too. Another type of animation controls how each new slide appears. Because these effects control the transition from one slide to another, they are called transitions. While some of these effects have the same names as animations, they look quite different when applied to an entire slide. Transitions, like slide animation, has to be used with reserve. Many options are available, but that doesn’t mean that one should use them all in one presentation. One of the best solutions is to choose a simple transition and apply it to every slide in the presentation. If the presentation is divided into sections, one could use a second transition to introduce each new section.

Comparing Business and Econimic Opportunities in India and China Essay Example for Free

Comparing Business and Econimic Opportunities in India and China Essay From my perspective, the main factor contributes to the difference in FDI and economic growth in China and India are institutions. There are two kinds of institutions; one is formal institution, including political system, legal system and economic system, another one is informal institution, which consists of culture, business norms and ethics. As for political system in India, which labeled as sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. It is similar to America, it has the federal form of government, its central government is patterned after the British parliamentary system, and several Parties are able to take control of the nation, but the main power to control the country is the central government. Compare with Chinese communist totalitarianism, India is more democratic in terms of the political system. In other, words, it is more easier to set up your own business in India and which may absorb more capital thanks to the democratic political system in India. According to the corruption perceptions index 2012, India got the score of 36, and China got the score of 39, the lower score means the country is highly corrupt in the public sector. Therefore, China is more attractive to foreign investors in terms of the corruption level. As for political risk, thanks to corruption and the departure of several key allies for India, the government has been weakened in India, which make India less attractive for foreign investment to compare with China. As for protecting intellectual property right, the provisions of intellectual property right in India is more comprehensive than Chinese, which ensures foreign companies get an easier access to take control of intellectual property in India. According to the data from Global EDGE, Chinese government provides more protections on labors to compare with India. Which is a good sign for encouraging FDI in China. According to Ease of Paying Taxes Index on Global EDGE website, which ranks the country based on their total tax rate as well as measuring the administrative burden of paying taxes. India ranked 152 and China ranked 122; this indicates that compare with doing business in India, foreign companies may not have much pressure of paying tax for the government in China, which is positive sign for foreign companies to expanded to Chinese to get rid of the high tax rate. As for economic system, both of China and India used to be in the  command economy, but they have reformed their economy system to mixed economy in 1978 and 1991 respectively. From my perspective, the early reform of Chinese economy provides a rapid development of the economy in China, which contributes to the higher GDP compare with India now. The economic growth of India is constrained by the inadequate infrastructure, which may creates obstacles for foreign investment. As for cultures, business norm and ethic, India got a huge number of well-educated people skilled in English skill, which is easier for foreign investors to overcome the languages barriers to compare with China. The religion is a factor which foreign investor has to take into account when they want to enter India. Thanks to different religion groups in India, the core value and the norms are widely differ from different religions, which take time to understand those value and norms when doing business among Indians. According to data from The Hofstede Center, China and India almost had the same score in power distance, collectivist culture, masculinity and uncertainty avoidance, but China is more long-term oriented, the investment is tend to be more long-term projects for instance, the real estate. From my perspective, choosing India to invest is a wise decision, the main reason I recommend the India for foreign investment is that companies may not face as much as competition in India compare with China. There are a huge number of multinational firms in China; it is more difficult to be successful due to the fierce competition in China. As for India, where had a more comprehensive legal system, which can reduce the cost of doing business and improve the security of foreign investment. The democratic society may offer more opportunities for foreign investors as well. The India cannot surpass China within a short period of time because of the inadequate infrastructures; the inadequate infrastructures is the key factor which constraints the economic growth in India. It is capital and time-consuming to build infrastructures within a short period of time.

Choosing between mischel and rotters explaining personality

Choosing between mischel and rotters explaining personality Both Julian Rotter and Walter Mischel proposed the social cognitive approach to personality. Known as social cognitive theorists, Mischel and Rotter suggested that conscious thoughts and emotions determine the difference between people and guide the way they behave (Mischel, 2004). The social cognitive approach is not based on the description of an individuals personality rather than on the principles of human learning. Thus, they believe that our personality is formed through the learning processes such as observation and interaction with the family and others in social situations. From an interactionist point of view, peoples interaction with their environment predicts their behavior. Rotter suggested that changes in personality can occur at any time but the basic unity that it has prevents it from changing as a result of minor experiences. Rotter talked about the law of effect, as such, he believed that the way people act is a determinant of an anticipated goal. According to Rotter, four variables predict human behavior: behavior potential, expectancy, reinforcement value, and the psychological situation. Behaviour potential is the first component of Rotters theory. Behaviour potential refers to the possibility of engaging in a specific act in a particular situation. A person has a choice of behaviour to acquire in a given time and place. The second variable is Expectancy which refers to the a persons expectancy that a given behaviour will lead to a reinforce. Expectancy can either be General or specific. A specific expectancy is the belief that a particular behaviour at a certain time and place will lead to an outcome. General expectancies are the beliefs that anything a person is doing will make a difference. Rotter believed that the combination of the specific and general expectancies lead to reinforcement. The effort a person devote to achieve his goal will be determined by the total expectancy. The third variable is the reinforcement value. Reinforcement value is Rotters conception of motivation. The thing a person wants to attain has high reinforcement value. The constancy of expectancies and situational variables when there is preference of reinforcement shape behaviour. According to Rotter the perception of people known as the internal reinforcement influences behaviour. The fourth variable considered by Rotter is the psychological situation which is in his prediction formula. He believed that peoples interaction with their environment result in their way of behaving. He suggested that different people will interpret the same environment differently. Moreover, Mischels cognitive affective theory does suggest that individuals behaviour is characterized by the beliefs that they learn, expectancies and feelings but along with that he claimed that these particular characteristics make them different from other people. He termed these characteristics as cognitive person variables which shows the dimensions of the difference between people differ (Mischel, 2004, 569). Mischel named some important cognitive person variables that affect a person when adapting to an environment (Shoda and Mischel, 2006) : Encoding strategies are a persons belief about his environment and other people. Unlike the social learning theory, people make use of their cognitive processes to form personal constructs from the external stimuli. The way people encode an event is different which shows their individual differences in personal constructs. Also, Mischel suggested that stimulus can be altered by how people interpret experiences and to what they attend selectively. Expectancies refer to the persons belief of his capacity and what the person expects from his previous behaviour. Affects refer to feelings and emotions. Affective responses emphasize on a persons behaviour is determined by the interaction of peoples cognitive processes with a specific situation. The affective responses are not separable from cognitions and they influence other cognitive-affective units. Goals and values are what the person want to achieve and believe in. Competencies and self-regulatory plans refer to the persons capacity in terms of his thoughts and actions, his ability to engage in goal directed behaviour. As people do not attend to all stimuli in the environment, they selectively create the world in which they live. Also, the self regulatory plans make people to plan and maintain their behaviours. According to Mischel, these cognitive variables as well as the features of the situation have to be identified to predict a persons behaviour in a given situation. Hence, the interaction of the person and situation lead to behaviour. Mischel suggested that only if a person come upon a specific behaviour, then his behaviour will reflect the characteristics he has learned in that particular situation (Kammrath, Mendoza-Denton and Mischel, 2005). Rotters social cognitive theory was based on the locus of control whereas Mischels cognitive affective theory was based on situation versus person variables. Mischels theory was an extension of Rotters social cognitive approach. Just like Rotter believed that peoples reaction to environmental forces are more determined by cognitive factors than immediate reinforcements, Mischel claimed that behaviour is determined by both situation variables (environmental factors: rewards and punishments) and person variables (internal personal factors). The two person variables : expectancies and subjective values in Mischels theory have the same meaning as in Rotters model. As an extension of Rotters social cognitive theory, Mischel added other person variables like competencies, encoding strategies and self regulatory systems and plans. Mischel strongly believed that the interaction of both environmental and personal factors develops behaviour. He claimed that we have to take into account what we know about a particular person and the present situation to predict the latters behaviour. Furthermore, he laid emphasis on how emotions and person variables interacted. He argued that negative emotions like depression affects peoples interpretation of their experiences and expectancies they hold about the future (Mischel and Shoda, 1995, p.498). Also, Mischel suggested that emotion variables just like cognition depend on how people interpret and label their experiences. The cognitive-affective personality system proposed the consistency paradox which refer to the variability across situations and stability in a persons behaviour. Mischel believed that variations in the behaviour pattern is neither caused by random error nor the situation alone. He rather believed that these variations in behaviour patterns predict behaviour that mirror stable patterns of variation within a person. Mischel and Shoda (1995) devised the Ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦then framework which they believe can conceptualise the variations in behaviour. The relationship of the ifà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦then in this framework is as such: If A, then X; but if B, then Y. A and B are taken as situations in which the individual is in and X and Y are the ways people behave as a result of the situations they are facing. For example if Mark is provoked by his wife (situation A), then he will react with aggression (X). if changes and so, then also changes. In the first situation If Mark is being provoked by his wife (situation A), he will react aggressively (X). In a second situation (B), if Mark is being provoked by his boss then he will obey with submission (reaction Y). In these two situations we can see that Marks behavior is inconsistent, but Mischel and Shoda believed that being provoked by two different persons is not the same stimulus. Instead, they suggested that Marks behavior reflects a stable behavior pattern. Thus this framework claimed that the way people react to situations depend on cognitions( for example : perceptions, illusions) and affective (for example feelings) related with them. Mischel and Shoda (1995) proposed a second example where two persons are qualified as irritable but their irritability is caused differently. In the example he said that 2 persons are irritable: Person 1 likes to be the center of attention and likes interaction with others. Thus, Person 1 gets irritable when no one pays attention to him/her. Person 2 likes to be alone and gets irritable when people start to relate their lives. In addition to, there are two situations: Situation A reflects no interaction among people (e.g. Business meeting), It is just a boring situation. In situation B, such interactions are mostly frequent (e.g. parties). Therefore, based on ifà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Then Framework, Person 1 will feel irritated in situation A and not B, whereas Person 2 will feel irritated in situation B and not A. The Ifà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦then framework is based on the Behavioral Signature of Personality. The Behavioural Signature of Personality is the variation in an individuals behaviour in specific situations. In the example of Mark; his Behavioral Signature of Personality is his consistent manner to vary his behavior across situations; that is he will not react aggressively in all situations (Feist, 2004). M ischel took traits into consideration and contend that some basic traits are persistent over time. Mischel himself argued that the idea of consistency of personality across situations is not right. Mischel and Peake (1982) examined the consistency of conscientiousness and friendliness in college students. The result was that students responded inconsistently across situations. Mischels social cognitive theory maintains that peoples behavior is specific to the context of the situation. For example, somebody can be honest at work but can cheat on taxes. This approach does not predict depends that behavior will be consistent across situations. Behavior depends mainly on the consequences of the actions (such as rewards). However, according to Mischel, consistency can occur when the same behavior is reinforced in a variety of situations or if a person is unable to discriminate among situations. For Mischel traits can be useful as they provide summaries of multiple behavioral observation s and as such have descriptive usefulness. Traits affect behavior differently in different situations under certain conditions. For example, the trait of aggression will be apparent only under circumstances like when a person feels frustrated or angry. People with the trait aggressiveness act differently from those who are low in this trait. Moreover, Mischels theory considers the prior experiences in life. The prior experience play a role in situational context. Thoughts and emotions activated by a particular situation are the results of prior experiences with the particular situations. Therefore, situational variables as well as experiences play a role in the occurrence of any behavior. Rotter, on the other hand, attaches great importance to needs of people, as needs indicate the direction of behavior. Mischel talks goals only. Whereas Rotters theory speaks of goals when the focus is on the environment and speaks of needs when the focus is on the person. Rotter and Hochriech (1975) listed six categories of needs: recognition-status, protection-dependency, love and affection and physical comfort. In my own view, Mischels theory is better off than that of Rotters. Mischel even took into consideration the personality traits which he believed account for little of the variance in human behaviour. His aim was to replace traits like sociability or dominance into traits of his own invention. His theory was closely based on the social learning theory of Rotter but he combined the social learning theory with the knowledge about mental processes from cognitive psychology. Mischel with the help of his student, Shoda issued an updated version of his original theory. His new version had five variables instead of four and the new variable was affects, feelings or emotions. The addition of the new variable was due to the research made in 1995 which found that social information and processing and coping behaviour was influenced by affects and emotions (Mischel and Shoda, 1995, p.252). Another aspect which Mischel included in the new version of the theory was the description of personality as a cognitive-affective system. According to his new theory, he claimed that the importance in the five cognitive social learning person variables lie in their simultaneous interaction. Therefore, personality is a stable system that mediates how the individual processes, chooses and constructs social information and produces social behaviours (Mischel and Shoda, 1995). The cognitive affective personality system further claims that a persons behaviour will change based on a particular situation but in a meaningful manner. Mischel and Shoda (1995, 1998, 1999) even devised a framework and suggested that variations in behaviour can be predicted from it and he took into consideration the consistency paradox in explaining peoples behaviour. Moreover, Mischel places his cognitive theory against the traditional trait theory. As such, he argued that his theoretical cognitive person variables are superior to the traits as they express scientific rather than understanding. Unlike Rotter, Mischel and his colleagues believed in the importance of moving from a theoretical perspective of personality out of conceptualizations like irritability to a more scientific conceptualizations like encoding competency. Mischels theory is an advance over the trait approach as well. His person variables focus on the psychological processes in shaping behaviour rather than on the behaviours itself. Another advantage of Mischels theory is that individual differences in behaviour become conceptualized as patterns not as average levels.

Counterculture Analysis: Neo National Socialists

Counterculture Analysis: Neo National Socialists James Blackburn The group chosen for this assignment would be the Neo-National Socialists (Neo-Nazis), modern culture that fits well within the definition of a counterculture. A counterculture is a subculture that rejects the major values of the larger society and replaces them with a new set of cultural patterns (Thomas 39). An obvious trait of these modernized National Socialists, is that they indulge themselves with the idea of anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism is viewed as a negative value in most of society, yet Neo-Nazis embrace this horrific hatred against the Jewish population and their culture (Southern Poverty Law Center). Evidence also leads to the conclusion that Neo-Nazis were not only anti-Semites but are very homophobic as well. Members of the Hogar Social Madrid had spit out homophobic slangs at a gay couple. This couple made out in front of the neo Nazis as a protest against them. The neo Nazi group was apparently protesting against taking in refugees near Plaza del Dos de Mayo in Malasa à ±a (Wong). The term Nazi comes from the rising Soviet propaganda during WWII when Hitler decided to invade Russia. Nà ¡tional Sozà ­alistische Deutsche Arbeiter partei, Hitlers party name just in Deutch. The Russians wanted to name Hitler as not a true socialist so they would mock him with the term of Nazi. If a person named the National Socialist party as the Nazi party, they would have been killed. The Russians pulled out the stressed syllables of their party and create the propaganda term of Nazi (Passyn). Going towards the ideology of the party, Hitler viewed his party as being Left-Wing instead of Right-Wing but media has showcased his ideology as Right-wing. In the pre-revolutionary France during the National Assemblies, the reactionaries sat on the right and the revolutionaries sat on the left. The Nazis viewed themselves as revolutionaries according to Mr. Hanson. The Nazis wanted the downfall of the Old Order and reestablish a new system of government; this seems appropriate because the Nazis had already deemed the government as unfit to govern and tried to overthrow the government during the Beer Hall Putsch which failed on a large scale. On top of this, Germany was basically on its hands and knees in terms of economics, nationalism and power after the horrific defeat in WWI (Hanson). As a view from the Right-Wing, Mr. Klein states that there was actually no true socialism within the National Socialist party. He claims that Hitler outlawed Socialism and executed communists and socialists which are considered Left-Wing. Evidence shows that in 1933, a concentration camp called Dachau held leftist and socialists exclusively. Furthermore, Nazis had arrested more than 11,000 Germans for illegal socialist activity in 1936 (Klein). So if it was illegal to have true socialist or communist ideas, would that make the Nazi party lean more towards the Right-Wing in our understanding of contemporary politics? An American leader of the neo-Nazis would be Richard Spencer, th ough he hides behind the name of the alt-right or old-right in German. Spencer and his party are considered to be white nationalists and supporters of anti-Semitism (Kestenbaum). Sociological perspective can be defined as looking through the commonly held beliefs to the hidden meanings of human actions (Thomas 4). A clear example this would affect American politics would be the relationship between the neo-Nazis and Donald Trump. For most societies, they will demonize neo Nazis their new ideology of the old national socialism. However, if the majority of the public hates Nazism but a big political figure has hints of supporting it, would that make neo-Nazis feel more comfortable sharing their ideology with the public? Now not all trump supporters are neo-Nazis however, he has earned some supports of them. There was a name at a trump rally who was yelling out Jew-S-A at the press pen in Phoenix. Joyce states that trump has attracted a sometimes strongly anti-Semitic following which has not been a big issue within the 21st century (Joyce). The term sociological imagination is the ability to connect an individuals life with the larger world (Thomas 5). A neo-Naz i site called the Daily Stormer stated to vote for a man who actually represents our interests. Andrew Angiln, the head of the Daily Stormer endorsed Trump and had enthusiastically supported his campaign. The site also regularly defends Hitlers actions and ideology of National Socialism (Hananoki). With this information, there is an understanding of how the individual feels of a neo-Nazi. Because of a rise in a political leader that has a better fit of their ideology has finally risen, they feel comfortable facing the norms of society and fight against them. Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view ones own culture and group to be superior than other cultures or groups (Thomas 35). Just as the original National Socialists found that the Jews were inferior, the neo-Nazis would find their hearts and minds to be in the same place. Mr. Passyn would explain that the old stereo type of the Jews would be that they are manipulative. This old stereo type can be seen within the Alt-Right or neo-Nazis. The neo-Nazi site Daily Stormer publishes an image of Auschwitz with a yellow Star of David and the word Jude as invite to march in Whitefish, Montana. This is the home of a white supremacist named Richard Spencer. This site announced that there will be an armed march by white supremacists in Montana where there is a large Jewish community. The primary goal of this march was just to harass the Jewish population and displace a cultural dominance upon the Jews. Anglin, the head of the neo-Nazi site sated that they could easily march around the Jewish comm unity with powerful guns due to the towns low gun regulations (Haaretz and JTA). The belief of judging cultures based on their culture rather than the individuals cultural is called cultural relativism (Thomas 36). Since there is very little difference between both ideologies of the National Socialists and neo-Nazi party, evidence of the ideology of the National Socialists party to help justify the Neo-Nazi actions. Going towards the notion or the ideal race, Nazis wanted full power for only the Arian race, which was being white with blond hair and blue eyes. In Mein Kampf, Hitler explains how the life was the struggle between races for living space and how he would move to the West of Europe and conquer the Slavs for German interests. Then lastly, he believed that the Jews were nothing but the devils of hell and the Arian race, the pure-race would grow due to the deaths of the impure-races (Hitler). Though the Neo-Nazis supported Hitlers ideology, they would focus on just the white race rather than get into the nitty gritty of having blond hair and blue eyes (Di ffrence Between). I heavily disagree with my counterculture and how they act towards other societies. They are nothing but barbarians who cry because most subcultures believe in racial inequality. Even though neo-Nazis are part of the story of racial discrimination, they most likely agree with other white supremacists outside of their counterculture. To put sociological imagination to the test for myself, I would say the best reason why neo-Nazis are so hostile towards the Jews, homosexuals, gays, and other races or anything that is out of their norm, they once saw white power in their history and or just by their family. To explain more, what I mean is that the white man could do whatever he wanted with the black or other races if they had total power and laws were in their favor. Like in Uncle Toms Cabin, it pointed out the horrors of a white racist man beating and brutalizing a black man just because he had power. And depending on the type of social environment the individual grew up with in, their parents might have had racist or homophobic ideals and they just happened to grow up like their parents. References Diffrence Between. Difference Between Nazi and Neo-Nazi. n.d. 11 March 2017. Haaretz and JTA. Neo-Nazi Calls for Armed White Supremacists to March Against Montana Jews. 26 December 2016. 11 March 2017. Hananoki, Eric. UPDATED: The Complete History Of Donald Trumps Relationship With The White Nationalist Movement. 16 November 2016. 11 March 2017. Hanson, Bradord. National Socialism A Left-Wing Movement. 6 October 2016. 11 March 2017. Hitler, Adolf. Mein Kampf. Boston: Ralph Manheim, 1971. Joyce, Andrew. The man who shouted Jew-S-A at a Trump rally is now blaming Mexicans for his anti-Semitism. 31 October 2016. 9 March 2017. Kestenbaum, Sam. Alt-Right Leader Slams Rabbis and Mocks Righteous Gentiles as Neo-Nazis Plan Montana March. December 27 2016. 10 March 2017 . Klein, David. Hitler, Nazis, Socialism, and Rightwing Propaganda. January 2011. 11 March 2017. Passyn, Andrew. National Socialism James Blackburn. 10 March 2017 . Southern Poverty Law Center. Neo-Nazi. n.d. 5 March 2017. Thomas, W. LaVerne. Sociology the Study of Human Relationships. Auston: Holt,Rienheart and Winstion, 2003. Textbook. Wong, Curtis M. Gay Couple Stands Up To Neo-Nazi, Homophobic Mob With A Kiss. 24 May 2016. 9 March 2017. Does Culture Influence the Marketing Strategies of MNCs? Does Culture Influence the Marketing Strategies of MNCs?

Empowering Women Not To Become Domestic Violence Victims Social Work Essay

Empowering Women Not To Become Domestic Violence Victims Social Work Essay The purpose of my research is to show how to empower domestic violence victims to prevent them from or remaining becoming victims. I satisfy this purpose by recognizing the signs of domestic abuse by the abuser, examining the history of domestic violence and, statistical data; I also address the enabling friends, family to recognize the symptoms of the abused. Domestic Violence is an assault on an intimate partner with most violence committed against women by their male partner (ABA, 2010). Many programs have been introduced to communities as well as states to protect victims of domestic violence and their children. Women are forced to leave their lives behind taking the children with them to shelters or Child Protective Services take them, due to the abuse and instability in the home. Battered women shelters have been opened in an attempt to keep the women and children in hiding from their abuser. Often the victims and their children will move to another state in an attempt to be safe from the abuser. Children receive counseling and often suffer depression, aggressive behavior, and development of adult health problems (APA, 2010). Domestic violence seems to be more focused on the victims than the batterer, resulting in having programs to protect the victim. Some examples are battered womens shelters, and receiving assistance from programs to protect victims from the batterer. For the batterer, abusive acts are a control issue and batterers are determined to keep that control over their victims sometimes, leading to stalking and murdering their victim for the ultimate control and power (NCJRS 2005). American society exerts a lot of time and money into programs to assist battered women and children who are witnesses of the violence. Society needs to look at the offender in an attempt to understand the offenders reason for the violence, to study their main objective and why the abusers ultimately have no control over themselves. Literature Review Devaney (2008) reported a study conducted on children who were in long-term and complex needs because of experiencing domestic violence. His research revealed that professionals have an awareness of domestic violence, and that younger children with younger parents are most likely to experience prolonged periods in the child protective system. Devaney contended that government policy and professional practice should primarily be concerned with assessing the risk that men present, rather than the risk children and families experience. By reframing professional interventions, men are more likely to be challenged to accept responsibility for their behavior. The domestically violent patients are more unstable from psychological viewpoint but not more inclined to anger than the average male. When comparing domestically violent patients with generally violent patients, domestically violent patients score lower on anger disposition and on aggressive behavior than the generally violent patients did (Kraaimaat, 2008). According to the American Psychiatric Association (2010), abusers use many ways to isolate, intimidate, and control their partners. Abuse starts slow and may be difficult to EMPOWERING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE VICTIMS 5 recognize. Initially the abuse is manifested in isolated incidents for which partners expresses remorse and promises never to abuse again. The abusers justify their actions because of stress or claims the abuse was something the victim did or did not do. Domestic Violence can lead to other common emotional traumas such as depression, anxiety, panic attacks, substance abuse, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Abuse can trigger suicide attempts, psychotic episodes, homelessness, and slow recovery from mental illness (APA, 2010). Uncovering battering mens attributions are important in understanding domestic violence, and these attributions are the key to curtailing domestic violence. What is common to these attribution styles is the evasion of responsibility for commission of, and for the need to take action to stop the violence. These attributions styles have been found to increase battering mens hostility and stress, their risk of engaging in violent behavior, as well as enabling the batterer to continue their violence unchecked (Wallach, 2008). National Criminal Justice Reference Service (2005) reports power and control are fundamental concepts in the patriarchal family structure and in the relationship between violent men and their female companions; power-control theory may explain the response of the criminal justice system to woman battering. Power-control theory suggests that men batter women because unless they are in control of their production sphere, and consumption sphere, the potential upset of the familys balance of power is a real threat to the batterer. Bostock (2009) reports that situations of domestic abuse can be prolonged by limited options available to victims of support and protection, and a lack of active public acknowledgement that domestic abuse is unacceptable. Some women felt that the police still adopted and attitude of its just a domestic and that they did not take the matter seriously or offer effective help and protection. Stoops (2010), study explores the existence and predictive ability of a behavior-based typology of men who were adjudicated for domestic violence crime in an urban criminal justice system. Results revealed that preliminary support for the development of typological assessment in criminal justice and early settings for early identification of men who may need additional intervention. Early intervention could prevent further escalation of violence from the batterer. McCloskey (2004) presents information on the characteristics of a clinical population of male perpetrators of intimate partner violence court-ordered for batterers treatment, and how those characteristics co-varied with treatment attrition. When treating male batterers who were court-ordered to receive treatment, findings suggested that batterers self-reports of their own violent behavior were found to vary by data collection technique, with face-to-face interviews eliciting greater admission of violent behavior than paper-and-pencil questionnaires. Domestic Violence Awareness Handbook (2010) reports that too many people continue to believe that domestic violence is a private matter between a couple, rather than a criminal offense that merits a strong and swift response. Even today, the victim of a domestic assault runs the risk of being asked, What did you do to make your husband angry? This question implies the victim is to blame for this abuse. People in the criminal justice system ÃÆ' ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ police, prosecutors, judges, and jurors ÃÆ' ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ need to be educated about the role they can play in curbing acts of domestic violence. MayoClinic (2010) reports that even if a child is not abused, simply witnessing the domestic violence can be harmful. Children who grow up in abusive homes are more likely to be abused and have behavioral problems than are other children. As adults, child witnesses are more likely to become abusers or think abuse is a normal part of a relationship. Victims worry that seeking help will further endanger them and the child, or that treatment may break up the family. It was stated that treatment is the most effective measure to protect the child. Discussion During the research, my goal was to try to understand the actions and attributes of the batterer, in an attempt to make victims recognize the signs of a batterer before abused women become a victim. Another goal was to recognize the symptoms of the victim. The gathering of information provides an understanding of the abuser, and recognizing the warning signs of an abuser before they become a victim. Education of younger adults assists and informs families and friends of the trend of an abusive relationship. Recognize Patterns of Domestic Violence Domestic violence is a serious threat for many women. To be empowered, the victim must recognize the signs of an abusive relationship and how to leave a dangerous situation to achieve empowerment. Threats, including violence, suicide, or taking away the children are common tactics employed by the batterer. The existence of emotional and verbal abuse, attempts to isolate, and threats of and intimidation within a relationship may be an indication that physical abuse is to follow (MayoClinic, 2010). Knowing the signs of an abusive relationship is not only imperative for the victim, but is also an important weapon against violence for the victims family, friends, and co-workers. The more people that are aware of the attributes of an abuser the less likely the relationship will develop into a domestic violent relationship. The victim is not alone and will not have the feeling of helplessness, or the shame of blaming herself, and will not deny the abuse if the ones that are close to the victim can recognize the signs. Victims will not feel alone, and will break the cycle early. Education of Community Family, and Friends Strict new laws are one way to reduce domestic violence, but education could prevent it violence or abuse from starting or escalating to the point of the victim being battered. Education should begin in the high schools for all students on domestic violence awareness to ensure that all members of the community are aware that domestic violence is not a private matter between a couple, rather a criminal offense that merits strong and swift response. Communities must take an interest to promote and educate on the programs that are available to the victims, such as hot lines, police, social workers, and battered womens shelters. Awareness needs to be brought to medical professionals who see the victims of violence who ask them about the crime, and seek more information rather than allowing the victim to fabricate an excuse for the batterer. Neighbors must contact the police when they hear violent fights in their neighborhoods. Teachers should be alert to signs that students have witnessed violence at home, or by a partner. Friends need to be educated that it is not the victims fault and assist in anyway, recognizing that abuse is unacceptable. The friends and family of the victims need to understand the needs of someone experiencing abuse. The longer a victim stays in an abusive relationship, the greater the toll on the victims self-esteem, resulting in depression or anxiety. The victim may begin to doubt their ability to take care of themselves or wonder if the abuse is their fault and feeling helpless or paralyzed to act. Break the Cycle The longer an abusive relationship continues, the greater toll it takes on the victims self-esteem, but the cycle must be broken before the batterer gains total control. The cycle can be broken by telling friends, family or calling a domestic violence shelter, but must be done in a safe location. Victims should be prepared to leave, pack an emergency bag that includes items that the victim needs when they leave, and know exactly where to go and how to get there. The only way to break the cycle of domestic violence is to take action and the sooner the better. Conclusion Too many people continue to believe that domestic violence is a private matter between a couple, rather than a criminal offense. Even today, the victim of a domestic assault runs the risk of being blamed for the abuse, as if she is the one that brought on the assault. People in our criminal justice system ÃÆ' ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ police, prosecutors, judges, and jurors need to be educated about the role they can play in curbing domestic violence. Nearly thirty percent of all female homicide victims were killed by their husbands, former husbands or boyfriends (Domestic Violence Awareness Handbook, 2010). Strict new laws are one way to reduce domestic violence but nothing sends a clearer message to a batterer than prosecuting and jailing other batterers. New laws are not the answer if people are not educated in the system to enforce the laws. The victim often feels alone in the situation, and as a society members must let victims know that they are not alone. American society must take action to let the victims know they are not alone. Even when cases are brought to court, domestic crimes are difficult to prosecute. All too often victims are so terrorized that victims fear for their lives if they call the police. Silence is the batterers best friend. Members of the community, needs to end their silence and change the attitudes toward domestic crime. EMPOWERING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE VICTIMS 11

Furthering Legal Writing Skills

Furthering Legal Writing Skills Legal Writing skills are really important to professional legal practice. These skills come with time and constant practice and use. In this discussion, an attempt will be made on identifying the differences in approach between answering a problem essay or an essay question. To effectively do this, an understanding of these question types through a discussion of what they mean will be important. Through these discussion(s), it will give more insight into how they are used in the law and how their approaches might differ. Problem questions in legal writing are set to find out the extent of your understanding of the legal principles on the topics being discussed. A problem question is normally based on a fact-based scenario that may reflect a real life situation. This design lets the writer demonstrate their understanding of a particular area of the law. By doing so, they can apply their knowledge of the law to a particular scenario to draw a logical conclusion on a possible legal outc ome. Problem Question Problem questions are often provided as they reflect the daily engagements of legal practitioners. A sound understanding of problem questions helps with providing rational legal advice. In essence, response to problem questions presented could take the form of an advice which is an objective and balanced analysis of the law that may apply to a fact scenario. An ideal response to a problem question should conclude with a perceived view of the likely outcome of the client taking subject to a possible legal action. It would be important to note that there is no correct or wrong answer to a problem question. The quality of the presentation and a factual referencing of valid legal sources used.A solid problem question answer should be logically structured, accurate and properly referenced, clear and comprehensive with each major issue dealt with in a systematic manner. Dealing with a Problem Question In dealing with problem questions, not all issues raised by a question will receive the same priority. In responding to questions a sense of good judgment is very important and may require a deep and lengthy analysis. Problems are normally analyzed in this case using IRAC (Issue Rule, Argument/Application/Analysis, conclusion). These in point form include: Issue. Rule. Argument/Application/Analysis. Conclusion. Issue: This part of a response to a problem question states the issue presented by the question. In some cases, the question may give more insight to the issue. Where a problem question does not directly identify an issue, brainstorming through the issue through asking relevant questions would be needed. For example asking questions such as: What would be the legal question that, when answered, determines the outcome of a case? Issues in problem questions in most cases are stated in form of a specific question rather than general question form(s). A possible example of an n acceptable issue would be: Is there any possible ties of any of the parties involved if there was no compensation paid? Issues can be case specific, mentioning specific facts of the case including names and parties involved. An issue can incorporate all cases which present a similar question. Most cases commonly present one issue. Rule: The rule describes how any relevant law or appropriate legislation applies to an issue. The rule, relevant laws or appropriate legislation are the supporting backgrounds to any claims mad relating an issue. These supporting facts act to justify the legal claims being made.It presents an overview of legal sources related to the issue. It is important to note that these rules are presented as a general principal, not a conclusion to a briefed case or issue discussed. A possible example of the rule will be defining conditions for a valid association: An association or tie is created when there is an agreement that Party A will act for the interest of party B, where party B is the Principal at Party Bs direction regardless of if any possible compensation exists or was agreed on. Argument/Analysis/Application: This part forms the core of any problem question and is the longest part of the response to an issue identified in the question. In this part, the pre-stated rules to the fact are applied to address the issues identified in the problem question. Here, the facts are used to explain how the rules lead to the various conclusion(s). Discussing both sides of a case or an issue when possible can make for a better or more valid argument or analysis. In an argument or analysis, stating a conclusion without linking this conclusion to some presented rules or stating reasons for it makes for a weak analysis.A conclusion drawn without clarified reasons or explanations may imply that any pre-stated rules or facts were not used to analyze the issue. The rule acts as a guide for discussing problem questions. Conclusion: The conclusion would be a response or feedback to an issue identified in a problem question. It presents the results of your argument or analysis and ties it to a final objective conclusion. An example could be as follows: Party A is liable for criminal negligence or therefore no possible contract was agreed on between Party A and B. In situations where there exist multiple issues in a question, there will be multiple conclusions to address the respective issues. Essay Question: Essay questions in legal discussions and writing are one the main ways of knowing the depth of the writers understanding of the subject being discussed. In essay writing, there is the need for the writer to stay with the core issues addressed by the question. In addressing the issues that may be linked to an essay question, the writer is free to discuss these issues in his own words, but staying strictly within the context of the subject discussed. For the essay question, a carefully and thorough read through the question to ensure you understand that they question is asking about is important. Dealing with an Essay Question To address an essay question, the following key points should help: Analysis-Unpacking the Question. Preparation. Writing. Polishing. Unpack the Question: The process is the first and most important step and actually determines how effective and good a response or an answer to an essay question will be. This because a clear understanding of the key issues to be discussed will help the writer not drift away from the primary subject. This helps the writer focus and discuss the most relevant issues of the question.

The New Trend in Advertising :: Free Essays Online

The New Trend in Advertising Advertising may have finally found the only medium that can reach the right person with the right message at the right time. What is this groundbreaking medium? As a relatively young medium that’s shaking up the advertising world, the Internet is now considered a way to advertise to mass markets. According to Business Week’s article †The Online Ad Surge,† online advertising only accounts for 4.3% of advertising in the United States, yet the Internet accounts for more than 14% of the country’s media time. With predictions of $9.3 billion in online advertising spending this year, companies are beginning to recognize the Internet as a practicable advertising medium. This essay will provide a summary of â€Å"The Online Ad Surge† and an evaluation of the article. Article Summary Internet advertising has undergone a dramatic change in recent years. Online ads have moved from text-only to flashy, full-motion videos. Jupiter Research analyst Gary Stein states, â€Å"A few years ago, it was kids with green hair selling ads, now Internet ads are mainstream, and part of every company’s media buy.† Although online ads aren’t going to overtake the traditional advertising mediums, the segment is growing at a rate of 7.7% a year. Within the next two years, analysts predict online advertising will be worth nearly $14 billion and will surpass the magazine industry. Online ads offer companies the ability to track every click consumers make through a website and offer the ability to immediately measure an ad’s effectiveness. Other mediums, such as television are feeling the pressure to be more accountable. Until recently, television ratings were never available in real time; however, Nielsen Media Research has implemented technology that allows for minute-by-minute feedback in selected local television markets. Online advertisers are beginning to bundle slots across the media mix. According to the article, â€Å"CNN†¦sold pricey sponsorships for Election Day coverage to companies, such as Samsung and DHL. The condition? Sponsors had to advertise on TV and the Web.† Linking several mediums together benefits both parties involved as components of the media mix can compliment each other. The rush to online advertising has created several problems for companies. The surge in ads has led to clutter, which includes instant messaging ads targeted to the youth market. Another problem is the shortage of available advertising slots.